![]() ![]() The results suggest that water treatment facilities can benefit from in-depth analyses of the flow and kinetic processes through computational fluid dynamics, resulting in up to 38% more efficient pathogen inactivation and 14% less disinfection by-product formation. In contrast to the conventional approach of maximizing the length-to-width ratio, the proposed design changes are aimed at addressing and mitigating against adverse hydrodynamic structures, which have historically led to poor hydraulic efficiency in many existing contact tanks. The method is applied to study the effects of inlet and compartment design on contact tank performance, with special emphasis on turbulent mixing and minimisation of internal recirculation and short-circuiting. The methodology departs from the traditional performance assessment of contact tanks via Hydraulic Efficiency Indicators as it allows direct simulation of transport and decay of the disinfectant, inactivation of pathogens and accumulation of by-products. In this study three-dimensional numerical models were refined to predict reactive processes in disinfection contact tanks (CTs). ![]()
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